The argument that mixed peptides are stable simply because a chromatography test showed high purity after 30 days does not hold up under basic principles of chemistry, molecular biology, or analytical science. The claim relies entirely on HPLC purity results, but HPLC only measures retention time and peak area. It does not prove that the molecular structure of a peptide is unchanged. A peptide can undergo oxidation, racemization, conformational changes, or aggregation and still appear as the same peak on a chromatogram. For example, oxidation of methionine to methionine sulfoxide changes the molecule chemically but often produces little or no shift in retention time. This means a sample can still appear 99% pure on HPLC even though part of the peptide population has been chemically altered. Detecting these types of structural changes requires more advanced techniques such as LC-MS/MS, peptide mapping, circular dichroism, NMR spectroscopy, capillary electrophoresis, or dynamic light scattering. None of those analyses were performed, so the conclusion that the peptides remained fully intact cannot be supported. Another major issue is the chemistry of copper and oxidation. When a copper-containing peptide such as GHK-Cu is mixed with other peptides, copper ions can catalyze oxidative reactions. Copper can participate in redox cycling that produces reactive oxygen species, which can oxidize amino acid side chains such as methionine, cysteine, tryptophan, tyrosine, and histidine. Methionine oxidation in particular is one of the most well-known stability problems in peptide drug formulation and pharmaceutical companies spend enormous resources preventing it. Even very small amounts of copper can catalyze these reactions, and the changes they produce may not be visible on a standard purity test. There is also the issue of peptide aggregation, which is governed by basic protein physics. Peptides in solution do not exist as isolated molecules. They constantly interact with water and with each other through hydrophobic interactions, electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and metal-mediated coordination. When multiple peptides are placed in the same solution, these interactions can create oligomers, aggregates, or misfolded complexes. Aggregation can dramatically change biological activity and receptor binding, yet aggregated peptides often still appear pure during chromatography testing because the test does not necessarily distinguish between properly folded and aggregated structures.

How are we dosing glutathione?

Had a good leg day ( or atleast I thought) with the usual soreness , however 2 days later , I started experiencing a bit of nerve pain in my right glute - about a 2/3 on a scale of 10. Started Implemented more stretching & thought I was out of the woods until pain started shooting down my leg to my calf. With muscle relaxers and prednisone, the inflammation is down some - I’ve started a rigorous protocol with KLOW, BPC 157 & ARA 290. Can the group offer any other suggestions? Thanks in advance

Question: Have you noticed ATX causing extreme lethargy in people? @Drew Donaldson talks about it, he said he hates the compound and I went up to 300 mg and got super lethargic and brain fog too. Thank you @Josh Large for sending this to me. Answer: Yes, I have noticed people reporting lethargy and brain fog, but what is being experienced is not ATX “causing” those effects in isolation. What you are describing is exactly what happens when redox state, timing, dose, lifestyle context, and signal balance are not respected. This is not a compound failure. It is a signaling and systems failure, and it is entirely predictable once you understand the underlying biology. At a cellular level, ATX strongly biases signaling toward AMPK activation. AMPK is the cell’s energy stress sensor. It turns on when ATP availability drops or when the cell is told that energy scarcity exists. When AMPK is activated, it suppresses energy-expensive processes, including mTOR-driven protein synthesis, growth, and repair, while increasing pathways involved in efficiency, substrate conservation, and survival. This is adaptive when the signal is brief, well-timed, and followed by recovery. It becomes maladaptive when the signal is strong, prolonged, or layered on top of an already stressed system. When someone pushes the dose to 300 mg, especially while under-eating, fasting, training hard, sleeping poorly, or operating under high psychological stress, the body is already leaning toward an energy-conservation state. Adding a strong AMPK signal on top of that tells the cell that energy scarcity is not temporary, but ongoing. The cell responds logically by reducing output. This includes lowering mitochondrial ATP throughput, decreasing neuronal firing rates, reducing neurotransmitter synthesis, and downshifting overall metabolic demand. Subjectively, this feels like lethargy, brain fog, low motivation, and mental dullness. Redox biology is central to this experience and is often completely ignored. Mitochondria do not just need substrates like glucose or fatty acids; they need a stable redox environment to move electrons efficiently through the electron transport chain. If oxidative stress is high and reducing capacity is low, electron flow becomes inefficient and ATP production suffers. AMPK activation in this redox-unstable environment further reduces energy demand as a protective mechanism. The brain, which has the highest energy demand per gram of tissue, is usually the first place people notice the consequences. Brain fog is a redox and energy throughput problem, not a toxicity signal.

Whose used this? I have some, running 200mg a day, deffo sweat a bit more during cardio, if I combine it with SLU I get a noticeable increase in body temp. Not sure on dosing as see people saying once per day, multiple times etc. Anyone got experiences and share what they have found?