Switching to gas reduces emissions in short term but increases in long run
Sharing the key points of a Financial Times article below. Link to the original article: https://www.ft.com/content/e969af59-0b97-4b21-942d-704bdbca667e Natural gas has been considered a bridge fuel in the fight against climate change because it produces about half the carbon emissions of coal when burned for energy. Many countries, including those in Europe, have planned to increase their use of gas with the idea that it will help reduce emissions while we build up renewable energy sources like wind and solar. This logic seems straightforward: if we need energy now and can't instantly switch everything to renewables, using gas instead of coal should at least cut our emissions in half in the meantime. However, research reveals what experts call "the gas trap," which shows this strategy backfires in the long run. When countries increase gas production to replace coal, it drives down overall energy prices, which makes investing in renewable energy less attractive and profitable. So while gas does reduce emissions in the short term by pushing out coal, it actually leads to higher total emissions over time because it discourages the renewable energy investments we need. The study found that if a country like Norway could commit in advance to producing less gas, it would reduce gas production by 10 % to encourage renewable investment. But without that commitment, countries end up increasing gas production by about 9 % instead, ultimately replacing renewables rather than coal. Norway is primarily a gas producer and exporter - it sells natural gas to other European countries. The article is about how much gas Norway (and other producers) choose to produce and export, and how that affects what happens in the countries that use that gas. Norway's role: Produces natural gas and exports it to Europe. Europe's role: Buys and uses that gas (burning it for electricity and heating), choosing between gas, coal, and renewables.