Hi everybody, we have our first Aintree hospital stroke prevention patient education session on Wednesday at 1:00 p.m. We've invited people who've had a stroke at the point of being discharged from hospital. This is our first attempt and we haven't had many responses so there are still a few slots in that meeting. If anybody here is interested in joining us either for their own learning or to help by giving us feedback on how we can improve the sessions, you'd be very welcome. Please let me know and we can give you further details.

I attended a Lifestyle Medicine Conference last week and came away with four important messages that I believe are highly relevant for our stroke prevention community. For those who may not be familiar with Lifestyle Medicine, it is an evidence-based approach that supports people to improve their health through sustainable changes in nutrition, physical activity, sleep, stress management, social connection, and the avoidance of harmful substances. It works alongside, not instead of, conventional medicine. 1. Small Changes Can Make a Meaningful Difference One of the clearest messages from the conference was that you do not need to transform your life overnight to improve your health. Research consistently shows that realistic changes to how we eat, move, sleep, manage stress, and avoid harmful substances can improve blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood glucose control. These changes can also improve how we feel day to day, helping us with energy levels, mood, and overall wellbeing. 2. Our Reason for Changing Matters Knowing that we need to lower our blood pressure or lose weight is not always enough to sustain long-term change. We are far more likely to maintain healthy habits when they are connected to something personally meaningful: remaining independent, spending quality time with family, watching our children or grandchildren grow up, travelling, gardening, or continuing to enjoy the activities we love. The number may be the clinical goal, but our "why" is often what helps us take the next step and keep going when motivation fades. 3. Sleep Is Powerful and Often Underestimated Sleep is not simply a period of rest. It influences what we eat, how active we feel, how we manage stress, how we connect with others, and even our relationship with smoking and alcohol. Poor sleep can make healthy choices feel harder and unhealthy choices feel more tempting. Rather than thinking of sleep as separate from the other pillars of health, it may be more helpful to see it as the foundation that supports them all.

Did you know you can have a healthy weight but still carry too much fat around your waist? Abdominal fat (visceral fat) is stored deep inside your abdomen, surrounding organs such as the liver, pancreas and intestines. Unlike fat just beneath the skin, visceral fat is metabolically active and is linked to inflammation, type 2 diabetes (as discussed in the previous post), high blood pressure, abnormal cholesterol levels, and an increased risk of stroke. You can have a healthy BMI and still carry excess abdominal fat, so checking your waist measurement alongside your weight and BMI can provide valuable information about your health. As a general guide, try to keep your waist measurement below half your height. For example, if you’re 180 cm tall, your waist should ideally be less than 90 cm. What Should You Eat? Certain foods can help reduce visceral fat by improving insulin sensitivity, reducing inflammation, and increasing fibre and satiety. Here are some evidence-based foods that can help reduce abdominal fat, plus ideas for adding them to your diet. 🐟 Oily Fish Salmon, sardines, and mackerel are rich in omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA), which help reduce inflammation, improve insulin sensitivity, and support liver health. Pan-Seared Salmon Lunch Bowl - Season the salmon with olive oil, lemon juice, black pepper and dill. - Pan-sear until thoroughly cooked. - Fry the leeks, peppers and mushrooms in a separate pan with a little olive oil, black pepper and your favourite herbs until softened. - Serve with brown rice, quinoa or barley. 🫒-Virgin Olive Oil Extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) as part of the Mediterranean diet combined with vegetables, fruit, nuts, and legumes can help reduce abdominal fat. EVOO offers monounsaturated fats and polyphenols that reduce inflammation and improve insulin sensitivity. Mediterranean Quinoa Bowl - Cooked quinoa - Chopped tomatoes - Cucumber - Red pepper - Feta cheese - Olives (optional) Simple Vinaigrette

Many stroke risk factors, such as smoking, high blood pressure and diet, can be modified. However, factors in our environment also matter. Air pollution is one of the most important environmental factors that can increase the risk of stroke. Around 20 years ago, the American Heart Association published its first scientific statement highlighting the association between exposure to air pollution and cardiovascular disease, including stroke. More recently, the Global Burden of Disease study identified air pollution as one of the important risk factors for stroke worldwide. It estimated that 16.6% of stroke-related disability and premature death was linked to ambient particulate air pollution (1). Scientists are still learning exactly how air pollution affects the heart and brain. Tiny particles in polluted air can be breathed deep into the lungs, where they trigger harmful changes in the body. These changes can damage blood vessels, raise blood pressure, increase inflammation, and make the blood more likely to clot. Over time, this can increase the risk of stroke (2). Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) In recent years, research has focused on PM2.5, which are tiny particles measuring 2.5 micrometres or less in diameter. PM2.5 particles come from many sources, including: - Road traffic pollution - Factories and industrial emissions - Burning coal, wood, or oil - Wildfires - Commercial cooking - Dust from roads and soil Most studies have examined the relationship between the overall amount of PM2.5 in the air and cardiovascular risk. However, the health effects may also depend on what the particles are made of and where they come from. Research suggests that pollution from traffic, industry, burning coal, oil or wood, and dust is associated with a higher risk of heart disease and stroke (3). Why does this matter? People who live near busy roads or areas with higher levels of air pollution may be exposed to greater health risks over time. Air pollution may also contribute to conditions such as high blood pressure and diabetes, which further increase stroke risk.

Hello everyone, Nik and I, together with the Stroke Prevention Team in our local stroke service have been developing a three-session Secondary Stroke Prevention Programme for stroke survivors and their families. Before we launch the pilot, we'd like to make sure we're focusing on what matters most to stroke survivors and their families. Please have a look at the programme outline. We'd love to hear any suggestions or advice that could help make the programme as useful and practical as possible for stroke survivors and their families. Secondary Stroke Prevention Programme (Pilot) Aim: To improve stroke survivors' knowledge, confidence and self-management skills to reduce the risk of recurrent stroke through education, behaviour change and ongoing peer support. Target audience - stroke survivors - Family members encouraged to attend - Format - Three weekly group sessions - 90 minutes each - Interactive, discussion-based sessions combining education with practical self-management strategies Session 1 Understanding My Stroke Objectives Participants will: - Understand what happened during their stroke - Understand why their stroke occurred - Recognise their own stroke risk factors - Begin reflecting on their personal recovery journey Topics · Welcome and programme overview · Brief introduction to what is stroke, types, How stroke affects the brain and causes symptoms, Recovery after stroke, Why another stroke can happen · Understanding personal risk factors- introduction to stroke risk factors · Personal stroke story and group discussion Session 2 Protecting My Brain Objectives Participants will: - Understand the main medical treatments that prevent another stroke - Gain confidence in monitoring important risk factors - Feel confident taking prescribed medications Topics - Antiplatelets and anticoagulants - Medication adherence, managing side effects and knowing when to seek advice - Blood pressure: understanding targets and home monitoring - Cholesterol and statin therapy - Atrial fibrillation and stroke prevention