There have been a few people commenting on poor germination rates and I wanted to share what I do, which may be helpful (not guaranteed though!). If I want to get seeds going quickly, I use 3% peroxide mixed with water as a seed soak prior to planting. It must be measured properly because too much peroxide will kill the seed and not enough won't work. Put 9 tablespoons of water in a glass, add 1 tablespoon 3% peroxide and give it a stir to mix it. Immediately drop seeds into the liquid and give it a jiggle. Leave it for 15 minutes. Time it, don't guess. I use a tea strainer to strain the liquid off, leaving the seeds in the strainer, but you could use anything that allows the water to run off without losing the seeds. Rinse well with fresh water. Tip the seeds onto a piece of kitchen roll to dry out the excess water so that you can seperate the seeds. Sow them immediately. The peroxide has two functions - it sterilises the seed casing so any bacteria will be removed and it gives the seed an oxygen boost. My last years carrot seeds have all germinated using this method. Three days ago I sowed some chinese cabbage seeds and they have germinated already despite having reasonably hard seed casings. There are some seeds that pre-soaking is not recommended for, notably runner/french beans. They don't need it. Don't be tempted to use stronger peroxide - it will kill the seeds. So far, every time I've used this method, the seeds have always germinated (let's hope I haven't just hexed myself 😂)