The U.S. Civil War — An Appeal to a Forgetful Generation
If one wishes to speak honestly of war—gentleman to gentleman—one must first relinquish sentimentality. The American Civil War was not pageantry. It was not noble spectacle. It was a national catastrophe of such magnitude that its scale still resists moral comprehension. Between 620,000 and 750,000 Americans perished. (US Civil War historians are now moving the number higher.) That is not a statistic—it is a demographic rupture. Roughly one in every forty Americans alive at the time died. Transposed onto the present day, this would mean eight million dead. No other American conflict approaches it. Not remotely. In fact, you can combine all other American war dead, and it still would not even approach the lives lost between 1861-1865. Two-thirds of these men did not fall heroically beneath musket fire. They rotted from disease—dysentery, typhoid, pneumonia—often in camps more lethal than the battlefield. They died alone vomiting or defecating upon themselves…unlike the glamour of Hollywood films. Many were scarcely more than boys. The average soldier was barely past adolescence, some as young as fifteen. Youth marched in with ideals and returned—if they returned at all—maimed, haunted, or hollowed beyond recognition. Over 60,000 amputations were performed! No antibiotics. Crude anesthesia – if any. A saw, speed, and prayer. Survival often depended not on courage, but on whether infection set in before nightfall. Men screamed until their voices gave out. Others bit leather or passed into shock. A gentleman’s bravery was not found in victory, but in endurance. On September 17, 1862, at Antietam, 23,000 men fell in a single day—the bloodiest day in American history. Regiments were erased. Cornfields ran red. Bodies lay in lines so dense one could cross a field without touching earth. The Battle of Gettysburg, of which is often hailed with one of the greatest speeches given in the English language, incurred 51,000 causalities. And yet—here is where restraint is required—this is not where the story ends.