Many plant-derived compounds (phytochemicals) have shown promise in preclinical cancer research — some even reaching early human trials. Below is a curated list of notable compounds, their potential mechanisms, and cancer-related findings from the literature. 🔶 Curcumin (Turmeric) - Mechanisms: Anti-inflammatory (inhibits NF-κB), antioxidant, induces apoptosis, inhibits angiogenesis and metastasis. - Cancer types studied: Breast, colon, prostate, pancreatic, multiple myeloma. - Notes: Low oral bioavailability unless taken with piperine (black pepper extract). 🟩 EGCG (Epigallocatechin gallate, Green Tea) - Mechanisms: Inhibits proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis; modulates epigenetics; can induce apoptosis. - Cancer types: Breast, prostate, lung, colon. - Notes: Best absorbed on an empty stomach but may cause nausea or GI discomfort; may also interfere with some chemotherapy drugs. 🟪 Quercetin - Mechanisms: Antioxidant, modulates cell signaling, inhibits glucose uptake in cancer cells, induces apoptosis. - Cancer types: Lung, prostate, breast, colon, leukemia. - Notes: Often stacked with bromelain or vitamin C to enhance absorption. 🔷 Resveratrol (Red Grapes, Berries) - Mechanisms: Antioxidant, modulates estrogen receptors, inhibits inflammation and angiogenesis. - Cancer types: Colon, prostate, breast, liver, melanoma. - Notes: Poor bioavailability; active metabolites may still have therapeutic effects. 🟨 Sulforaphane (Broccoli Sprouts) - Mechanisms: Activates Nrf2 pathway, induces phase II detox enzymes, inhibits HDAC (epigenetic modulation), promotes apoptosis. - Cancer types: Breast, prostate, colon, leukemia. - Notes: Strong synergy with myrosinase (from raw mustard or daikon) to activate it. 🔴 Artemisinin (Sweet Wormwood) - Mechanisms: Generates ROS in iron-rich cancer cells, inhibits angiogenesis, induces apoptosis. - Cancer types: Leukemia, breast, colon, lung. - Notes: Often pulsed to avoid resistance; synergistic with iron supplementation.