๐ Winners 1. First-Time Homebuyers Struggling With Affordability - People who are unable to come up with a down payment could enter the housing market sooner. - Especially beneficial for younger Americans with decent 401(k) balances but limited savings. 2. The Real Estate Industry - More buyers = more demand. - Realtors, mortgage brokers, appraisers, and homebuilders could see a boost in business. 3. Politicians Promoting โHomeownershipโ - Policies like this play well politically, especially with millennials and Gen Z who feel priced out of the market. - It gives the appearance of doing something big about housing affordability โ even if it doesnโt address the root issue. 4. People in Hot Real Estate Markets - In high-growth cities or low-inventory markets, this added demand could drive prices even higher. - Existing homeowners benefit from price appreciation. ๐ธ Losers 1. Future Retirees Who Withdraw Funds - The biggest loser is likely you 30 years from now. - Withdrawing from your 401(k) cuts into compound growth, which is often the key to a secure retirement. - Many people may never โrebuildโ that retirement balance once it's withdrawn. ๐กExample: Pulling $40,000 at age 30 could cost you over $300,000 at retirement, assuming 7% growth. 2. The Broader Retirement System - This undermines the original purpose of 401(k)s, which is long-term retirement savings. - It sets a precedent that retirement accounts are just piggy banks for near-term needs, weakening financial discipline. 3. Taxpayers (If the Plan Includes Forgiveness or Defaults) - If this policy includes penalty-free and tax-free treatment, it reduces future tax revenues. - If borrowers default on mortgages or lose homes, there could be broader economic spillovers. 4. People Who Stay Invested in 401(k)s During Market Rallies - If a participant withdraws during a market dip to buy a house, they lock in losses. - Meanwhile, others who leave money in may benefit from the rebound.