This is what I learned this week. Roth conversion from your 401(k), the IRS has what's known as the five-year rule. This rule says that each converted amount needs to ‘season’ in the Roth IRA for five years before you can access it tax- and penalty-free. So, if you do a conversion in 2026, you’ll need to wait until 2031 to withdraw that specific conversion amount without penalties. It’s a way to keep the system fair and ensure people don’t just flip accounts purely for quick tax advantages.