Nov 5 (edited) • research at a glance
Research into to post hamstring injury strength
Eccentric training is commonly used in rehabilitation and cohort/observational studies report favorable outcomes, yet randomized evidence directly showing superior percentage strength gains versus concentric‑only training is scarce. The randomized trial that compared a program including progressive running plus eccentric strengthening with an agility/trunk program found similar recovery and MRI outcomes at return to sport
papers used [see references to expand]:
- Eccentric cohort outcomes A lengthened‑state eccentric protocol (50 athletes) reported a reinjury rate of 8% (4/50) over follow‑up and measured isometric strength across multiple knee angles before return to sport
- Individualized eccentric rehab In a group of 26 athletes with recurrent strains, individualized eccentric‑emphasis rehabilitation normalized isokinetic parameters in 17 of 18 subjects treated and produced zero clinically diagnosed reinjuries during 12‑month follow‑up
- Residual deficits at RTS Several studies show residual concentric and eccentric deficits at the time of clinical return to sport (e.g., mean injured‑limb peak torque deficit 9.6% at RTS in one cohort), which often resolve over months
- Systematic synthesis A meta‑analysis of 28 studies concluded that eccentric and concentric strength deficits can persist after hamstring strain and recommended monitoring dynamic (eccentric/concentric) strength at and after return to sport
Muscle architecture and function:
Muscle architecture and dynamic performance after hamstring strain have been measured in several studies, but numeric reports of fascicle length and pennation angle changes after eccentric versus concentric training are sparse. Imaging and performance studies show consistent qualitative patterns but limited precise comparative percentages.
- Fascicle length Decreased biceps femoris long‑head fascicle lengths after injury and persistent shorter fascicles have been reported across studies and reviews, and eccentrically biased strengthening is recommended to address fascicle length deficits
- Muscle volume and edema MRI findings in one cohort showed 20.4% of muscle cross‑sectional area with edema at RTS and a 4–5%reduction in muscle volume over 6 months
- Pennation angle Specific reported numeric changes in pennation angle after eccentric versus concentric rehabilitation are not provided in the cited clinical trials and reviews; therefore quantitative comparison is insufficient evidence.
- Functional performance Persistent deficits in eccentric knee‑flexor strength, reduced horizontal ground reaction forces in sprinting, and impaired repeated sprint ability have been observed after hamstring strain and are targeted by eccentrically biased and sport‑specific running programs
Because most intervention studies report isokinetic/isometric torque or imaging outcomes rather than standardized fascicle/pennation percent changes, precise numeric comparisons for fascicle length or pennation angle changes specifically attributable to eccentric versus concentric training are not available in the cited literature
References
[1]
J. L. Sanfilippo, A. Silder, M. A. Sherry, M. J. Tuite, and B. C. Heiderscheit, “Hamstring strength and morphology progression after return to sport from injury.,” Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, vol. 45, no. 3, pp. 448–454, Mar. 2013, doi: 10.1249/MSS.0B013E3182776EFF.
[2]
J.-L. Croisier, B. Forthomme, M.-H. Namurois, M. Vanderthommen, and J.-M. Crielaard, “Hamstring muscle strain recurrence and strength performance disorders.,” American Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 199–203, Mar. 2002, doi: 10.1177/03635465020300020901.
[3]
D. A. Kohlrieser, “Hamstring Injury Rehabilitation and Injury Prevention,” pp. 133–146, Jan. 2014, doi: 10.1007/978-1-4899-7510-2_12.
[4]
G. Kim, H. Kim, W. K. Kim, and J. Kim, “Effect of stretching-based rehabilitation on pain, flexibility and muscle strength in dancers with hamstring injury: a single-blind, prospective, randomized clinical trial.,” Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, vol. 58, no. 9, pp. 1287–1295, Sept. 2018, doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.17.07554-5.
[5]
“Rehabilitation and return to sport after hamstring strain injury”, doi: 10.1016/J.JSHS.2017.04.001.
[6]
T. F. Tyler, B. Schmitt, S. J. Nicholas, and M. P. McHugh, “Rehabilitation After Hamstring-Strain Injury Emphasizing Eccentric Strengthening at Long Muscle Lengths: Results of Long-Term Follow-Up,” Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 131–140, Apr. 2017, doi: 10.1123/JSR.2015-0099.
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Research into to post hamstring injury strength
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