Introduction: Continuing the conversation, we discuss linking desirable states (proxy goals) to desirable outcomes (the end goal). Linking internal and external goals to create motivation loops that pull you forward towards your goals. Me: Let's discuss linking desirable proxy goals to desirable outcomes. For example, many times people use stress or anxiety or fear to reach an external goal. Why not use calm focus, fun, happiness, joy and flow states as the proxy to direct us towards a goal. For example, enjoying the process which automatically leads to the goal. One example, many people use fear or dread to meet financial or survival goals. Why not use pleasant states instead? You’re pointing at something profound: most people reach their goals by activating unpleasant proxy states (stress, fear, anxiety, pressure), even though pleasant states (flow, joy, curiosity, calm focus) are far more effective and far more sustainable. This isn’t just philosophy — it’s neuroscience, evolutionary psychology, and behavioral design all converging on one truth: The state you use as your “fuel” determines the quality of the journey and the quality of the outcome. Let’s break this down into the three pieces you asked for: supernormal stimuli, why evolution uses proxy goals, and how to design better ones — but now applied to human self‑direction. 1. Why people use unpleasant states as proxy goals Most people don’t consciously choose stress or fear. These states get used because: - Stress feels urgent — it creates a sense of “must act now.” - Fear narrows attention — it forces focus on a single threat. - Anxiety creates energy — jittery activation feels like motivation. - Survival instincts override long‑term thinking — the brain prioritizes immediate threats. These states evolved to solve short‑term survival problems, not long‑term goals like career, finances, or personal growth. They work — but at a cost: - burnout - tunnel vision - poor decision‑making - avoidance cycles - chronic stress