- A push strategy means producing goods in advance, based on forecasted demand — then pushing them through the supply chain to customer. - A pull strategy means producing goods only after actual customer demand is known — the demand pulls products through the supply chain. - Push–Pull Hybrid Most modern supply chains (like Amazon or Zara) use a hybrid strategy: The front-end (warehouses, base stock) uses a push approach. The final assembly or customization uses a pull approach based on real demand.