5d (edited) • Spirituality
Genesis 1: Reference Material
Quick reference for Genesis 1:1–10 in its Ancient Near Eastern (ANE) context.
Key Terms
תֹהוּ וָבֹהוּ (Tohu wabohu) — “Formless and void”
Disorder or non-function, not non-existence.
תְּהוֹם (Tehom) — “The deep”
Chaotic waters symbolizing instability.
רוּחַ אֱלֹהִים (Ruach Elohim) — “Spirit/wind of God”
Divine presence preparing to bring order.
בָּדַל (Badal) — “To separate”
Creates boundaries, order, and function.
קָרָא (Qara) — “To name”
Assigns purpose and authority.
טוֹב (Tov) — “Good”
Fit for purpose; functioning as intended.
אֶרֶץ (Eretz) — “Land/earth”
Often habitable land, not the whole planet.
ANE Cosmology
Existence defined by order and function.
Functional Ontology
To exist is to have a role.
Science & Genesis
Science explains process; Genesis explains meaning.
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Genesis 1: Reference Material
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