The Basics
All gaming PCs are made from the same 8 types of components:
Motherboard (the heart of the PC, makes everything function together)
CPU (the brain of the PC, makes everything communicate together)
RAM/Memory (Temporary storage for processes/programs)
Storage (permanent storage: SSD, HDD, NVMe)
GPU (Handles rendering graphics, sometimes integrated into CPU)
Cooling system (Fans, AIO cooling)
Case (Holds it all together)