This week I want to focus on something less flashy than hormones or supplements—but probably more important for performance: Eating enough. A 2025 systematic review examined nutritional strategies for female athletes and physically active women. It included 71 studies and 1,654 women, ranging from recreationally active women to competitive athletes. 🔬 Study Snapshot Paper: Nutritional Strategies for Optimizing Health, Sports Performance, and Recovery for Female Athletes and Other Physically Active Women: A Systematic Review Published: Nutrition Reviews, 2025 Study type: Systematic review Studies included: 71 Participants: 1,654 women About one-third were competitive athletes, another third were trained women, and the remainder were recreationally active. Evidence strength: 🟢 Moderate Why not “high”? A systematic review sits high in the evidence hierarchy, but the studies underneath it had moderate risk of bias and inconsistent control of menstrual-cycle phase and diet. ❓The Big Question What nutrition strategies actually improve performance, recovery and health in active women? One of the strongest themes was surprisingly basic: Don’t underfuel your training. Higher-carbohydrate strategies benefited exercise that substantially depleted muscle glycogen, while carbohydrate-rich pre-exercise meals increased carbohydrate availability and metabolism during exercise. And protein matters—but distribution matters too. The review found evidence supporting protein distributed across the day, with individual feedings generally exceeding about 25 g in the studies reviewed. A female-specific sports-nutrition position stand separately recommends roughly 1.4–2.2 g/kg/day of protein for female athletes, distributed every 3–4 hours, while emphasizing adequate overall energy availability as the first nutritional priority. What this means for everyday women If you’re training hard while constantly: - skipping meals, - severely restricting carbohydrates, - chasing the lowest possible calories, - eating very little before training, - or trying to survive on protein shakes and caffeine,