Let’s Talk Structure & Function The hind end plays a critical role in engagement, power, and performance — and lately, the hip has been coming up more and more in conversations with clients. Let’s break down what’s really going on in there, and what we’re feeling when we sense a lack of engagement. ⸻ Structure of the Equine Hip: The pelvis is made up of three bones: the ilium, ischium, and pubis — together, they form the os coxae. At the bottom of the pelvis sits the hip joint — a true ball-and-socket joint between the acetabulum of the pelvis and the head of the femur. Behind that, we have the sacroiliac joint (SI) — the point where the lumbar spine connects to the pelvis. While the SI joint doesn’t have direct muscular attachments, it’s heavily influenced by surrounding muscles like the gluteus medius, semitendinosus, and biceps femoris. Below the hip joint sits the stifle (the horse’s version of our knee), which works closely with the hock. For efficient movement, these two joints must flex and extend in sync. ⸻ Function in Engagement: The gluteus medius is a major powerhouse — it helps lift the spine and initiate engagement by stabilizing and influencing movement through the SI joint, sacrum, hocks, and stifles. Once that chain is in motion, the semitendinosus steps in to pull the sacrum downward (ventrally), using the hocks and stifles to drive motion forward. ⸻ Where It Goes Wrong: When there’s loss of mobility in the somatic, visceral, or craniosacral systems — especially affecting the lumbar spine — hind end engagement starts to fall apart. You might notice: • Decreased articulation in the hocks and stifles • Overdeveloped hamstring muscles • Tightness in the psoas • Wide or narrow hock stance • Development of a hunter’s bump • Signs of back pain or uneven muscle development (glutes, quads, hamstrings) These are all red flags pointing to potential osteopathic dysfunction. ⸻ Peeling Back the Layers What we see as poor performance or lack of drive often has multiple layers. It’s not just about weakness — it’s about compensation, imbalance, and deeper dysfunction in the body’s structure and systems.