Companies invest their capital with the intention of growth in profits. Now this growth is of two types 1. Efficiency growth 2. New growth In new growth again there is good growth (value creation) and bad growth (value destruction) For example: Saif textile installed 10 MW of Solar to eventually increase their profitability. Now this type is called “efficiency growth” because they didn’t increase the capacity of their plant, rather they increased the efficiency of their plant by reducing cost of electricity. On the other hand, SAZEW increased the capacity of their plant from 24000 cars per annum to now 50,000+ cars per annum. This is called “New Growth”. Value realisation of efficiency growth is short term because it somehow becomes certain that efficiency will improve profits in the near term. Whereas in case of New Growth, there is a good growth (value creation) and a bad growth (value destruction) Here Investors first check whether the purpose of growth is being achieved or not, are the returns exceeding cost of capital or not? For example; In case of sazgar, car sales will matter over time and if there is material improvement over past corresponding years, this would be called good growth or value created and that value will definitely be realised; however, if growth is not significant due to competition and auto policy changes, value will not be realised because in that case, the new growth would become a bad growth and a value destroyer!