NPS, PPF, EPF—each carries distinct tax treatment across contribution, growth, and withdrawal.
NPS offers additional deduction beyond the standard limit and partial tax-free maturity.
PPF grows entirely tax-free.
EPF has its own exemption rules.
Most people contribute randomly without understanding the exempt-exempt-exempt versus exempt-exempt-taxed differences.
Retirement wealth compounds over decades—small tax differences become enormous.
Are your retirement contributions optimized for tax treatment or just habitually made?