5 Parenting Styles and Their Effects on Life

Feb '24 • Family

Here is a concise summary:

Four Parenting Styles:

Authoritarian: These parents are controlling and demand obedience, not considering the child's perspective. Strict rules are enforced.
Permissive: Permissive parents are loving but lack control and rules, giving the child complete freedom.
Authoritative: These parents are firm but loving, encouraging independence within set limits.
Neglectful: Neglectful parents are uninvolved and often uninterested in their child's life.

Proposed Fifth Style - Over-Involved Parenting: Known as 'snow plows' or 'helicopter' parents, they are overly involved in every aspect of their child's life, removing obstacles and micro-managing.

Examples of Impact on Children:

Authoritarian: Sara, raised by authoritarian parents, suppresses emotions and becomes obedient but struggles with intrinsic interests and happiness as an adult.
Permissive: Peter, with permissive parents, grows up without boundaries, leading to inconsideration and lack of emotional control as an adult.
Authoritative: Arthur, with authoritative parents, learns to endure hardships and express opinions appropriately, developing a balanced personality.
Neglectful: Nora, with neglectful parents, feels alone, insecure, and develops negative self-image, struggling to form healthy relationships.

Over-Involved: Children of over-involved parents struggle with problem-solving, perseverance, and may protest challenging tasks.

Research Limitations: Most parenting research is based on self-reports from the US and Europe, so effects may vary in different contexts.
Tips for Good Parenting: Psychologist Diana Baumrind suggests a balance of demandingness and responsiveness. Maria Montessori advises allowing children to complete tasks they feel capable of.

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