📚 MCAT Question of the Day 🚀

A researcher isolates a mutant liver cell line that shows normal glycolysis and normal TCA cycle activity, but almost no ATP production despite normal oxygen consumption. Further testing shows that adding an artificial proton carrier (a molecule that moves H⁺ across membranes) restores ATP production.

Which of the following is most likely defective in this mutant cell line?

(answer will be posted later in comments)

A) Pyruvate dehydrogenase

B) Complex II of the ETC

C) ATP synthase

D) Hexokinase

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