During my years writing and editing for The Wall Street Journal, The Economist, and Bloomberg News, I tried to understand what the best editors I worked with were doing. Five habits of mind emerged from observing them and practicing the craft myself. They underpin what I teach in A Crash Course in Writing Well. Each habit begins with an aspiration. You may hear echoes of the following five aspirations in some of your favorite essays, speeches, op-eds, and nonfiction. 1. Comprehensible They strive to make the writing easy to understand. This means removing unnecessary complexity and making sure readers can follow the reasoning without having to work too hard. Simplicity and clarity are essential here. 2. Authentic They strive to make the writing sound honest. They remove jargon, pretentious language, and artificial posturing while preserving the writer’s personality and distinctive way of expressing ideas. 3. Beautiful They strive to make the writing flow well. They smooth out the rhythm and improve structure. This is the quality I call elegance. 4. Engaging They strive to make the writing hold attention and evoke a response. They use colorful details, vivid language, and well-chosen examples to help readers feel the significance of what they are reading. This is where evocativeness matters. 5. Effective They strive to make the writing achieve the purpose for which it was written. Whether the aim is to inform, persuade, teach, or inspire, every passage should contribute. Even a beautiful sentence may need to go if it distracts from that purpose. Through practice, these five aspirations — comprehensibility, authenticity, beauty, engagement, and effectiveness — become editorial habits. They are the gold standard I absorbed from exceptional editors who were unwilling to stop at prose that was merely serviceable.